Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

Among the representatives of the class of birds in the subclass of modern or Neornithes birds, as well as in other terrestrial vertebrates several groups of muscles act on the shoulder joint. These are some muscles of the shoulder girdle, starting from the trunk and ending on the shoulder bone, the muscles of the shoulder joint and the part of elbow joint muscles. Proceeding from the above, we divided the muscles acting on the shoulder joint into the trunk-shoulder group, the muscle group of the shoulder joint and the elbow muscles. In birds, there are some features in degrees of differentiation and development of muscles acting on the shoulder joint. The common opinion is that such features are related to adaptation to flight. Our studies have shown that thoracic and supracoracoideus muscles in the studied species of birds have similar locations, but also have peculiarities. Investigated shows a number of Falconiformes (common buzzard, rough-legged hawk, eurasian sparrowhawk, northern goshawk) are characterized by adaptation to the rapid active flight, which imposes its imprints on the degree of development and differentiation of the muscles acting on the shoulder joint. The investigated species of birds are characterized by different biomorphological adaptations due to the adaptation to different types, speed and duration of the flight. 

biomorphology, muscles, humerus, birds, buzzard, Falconiformes, common buzzard, rough-legged hawk, eurasian sparrowhawk, northern goshawk