Актуальність дослідження зумовлена тим, що на території України періодично реєструються спалахи сибірки, не тільки в жуйних тварин, а й в свиней, хутрових звірів, собак і людей. Мета роботи – провести дослідження захисних властивостей дослідних вакцин і абацилярної вакцини «Антракол» і довести імуногенну дію екстрацелюлярного токсину зі штаму B. anthracis K-79 Z. Для дослідів використовували культури вакцинних штамів антракса: B. anthracis 55, B. anthracis СБ, B. anthracis K-79 Z і вакцину «Антракол» (експериментальна розробка). В роботі використовували мікробіологічні, клініко-біологічні та біотехнологічні методи досліджень. Захисну дію вивчали на мурчаках (Cavia porcellus). Проведено гострий дослід із вірулентним штамом B. anthracis 92 Z. Від зазначених культур отримали екзотоксин. Його титр визначали в реакції диск-преципітації. Найвищий результат щодо продукції екзотоксину зафіксовано у B. anthracis К-79 Z 1 : 128 за концентрації сумарного білка – 0,19 мг/мл, тоді як екзотоксин штаму B. аnthracis 55 з титром 1 : 32 показав високу концентрацію сумарного білка – 0,4 мг/мл. Вплив екзотоксинів B. anthracis на організм вивчали шляхом їх введення лабораторним тваринам в різних титрах екзотоксинів із наступним зараженням патогенним штамом B. anthracis 92 Z. Екзотоксин вакцинного штаму B. anthracis K-79 Z в титрі 1 : 64–1 : 128 виявляє найкращі захисні властивості проти патогенного штаму. Встановлено, що вакцинні штами B. anthracis СБ і B. anthracis K-79 Z володіють однаковим рівнем захисту лабораторних тварин за експериментального зараження, що становить 60%, тоді як вакцина зі штаму B. anthracis 34F2 показала рівень захисту 20%. За результатами проведених досліджень виявилося доцільним використовувати екзотоксин B. anthracis у розробці профілактичних препаратах щодо сибірки. Результати досліджень можуть бути використані науковцями і спеціалістами в галузі ветеринарної медицини у розробці нових та вдосконаленні наявних вакцин для ефективної профілактики сибірки
сибірка, метаболіти, превентивна дія, абацилярна вакцина «Антракол»
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